Franklin Institute Research Laboratory, Inc.

A Subsidiary of the Franklin Institute

March 31, 1981

Mr. D. Gernert

Energy Independence Assoc.

325 West Swedesford Road

Exton, Pa. 19341

Subjekt : FIRL, Inc. Project 031 - A5465 - 01 (1731)

               Engine Treatment Product

Dear Mr. Gernert:

We selected a wrist pin from the engine parts you sent us. The pin was sectioned into the three parts with a cut of wheel. One part was cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner and the nickel coated, another uncleaned part was also covered with nickel, while the third part´s surface was studied with no preparation.

All three parts were studied in the Scanning Electron Microscope. The uncleaned, uncoated section is shown in Micrographs 1,2 and 3. The treated surface is seen in the upper part of the micrograph, the uncleaned nickel coated sample was studied next. An elemental x-ray line scan was run on the interface between the nickel and the steel where the coating should be found. Micrograph 4 shows the general area where the analysis was run. Micrograph 5 shows the result of the analysis. The bright  straight line near the center of the micrograph is the exact area that was analyzed. The upper trace represents the relative amount of the element, which is the experiment, will show where the edge of the sample is located. The lower trace, which is the nickel,

shows the location of the coating relative to the surface of the steel. The space between the peak iron reading and the peak nickel reading represents the thickness of the coating. Micrograph 5 was at 10,000X; therefore, 1 micron is measured as 1 cm, which is the approximate distance between the nickel and steel part.

The third part sample which was ultra-sonically cleaned for about one quart of an hour to remove any surface material that may be on the surface, was studied next. The reason for the surface cleaning was to remove any unexpected material from the surface before the nickel coating was applied. We actually expected the product to also be removed, but later found it was still there. Micrograph 6 shows the same relationship as micrograph 5; the thickness of the coating again measuring 1 to 2 microns. The above experiments show that coating is to be 1 to 2 microns thick and bonded to the surface.

Sincerely,

H. Thomas Tucker

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